解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Increasing experimental and clinical evidence suggest a contribution of non-drug related risk factors (e.g., underlying disease, bacterial/viral infection) to idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDR). Our previous work showed that co-treatment with bacterial endotoxin (LPS) and therapeutic doses of diclofenac (Dcl), an anal...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.03.004
更新日期:2015-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium valproate (VPA) is a potentially hepatotoxic antiepileptic drug. Risk of VPA-induced hepatotoxicity is increased in patients with mitochondrial diseases and especially in patients with POLG1 gene mutations. We used a HepG2 cell in vitro model to investigate the effect of VPA on mitochondrial activity. Cells wer...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.03.001
更新日期:2015-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Use of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic trovafloxacin (TVX) was restricted due to idiosyncratic, drug-induced liver injury (IDILI). Previous studies demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and TVX interact to cause death of hepatocytes in vitro that was associated with prolonged activation of c-Jun N-termina...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.03.002
更新日期:2015-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Biodegradable nanoparticles are being considered more often as drug carriers to address pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic issues, yet nano-product safety has not been systematically proven. In this study, haematological, biochemical and histological parameters were examined on 28 day daily dosing of rats with nano- or m...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.017
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) belong to the class of large clostridial cytotoxins and inactivate by glucosylation some low molecular mass GTPases of the Rho-family (predominantly Rho, Rac and Cdc42), known as regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. TcdA and B also represent the main virulence fact...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.006
更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we evaluated the effects of lactational exposure to a representative mixture of the six indicator non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (∑6 NDL-PCBs) at low levels on the neurobiological changes and developmental/behavioral performances in mice. In this study, we analyzed the global gene expression pro...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.011
更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacological evidence has accumulated showing that glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) facilitate several responses to different drugs of abuse. Recent findings have attributed a prominent role to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in modulating behavior during the addictive process. The purpose of th...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.10.002
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::This study compares changes in cardiopulmonary function, selected endpoints in exhaled breath, blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) following a single, high-level 30-min nose-only exposure of rats to chlorine and phosgene gas. The time-course of lung injury was systematically examined up to 1-day post-exposur...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.10.010
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate mechanisms of chemical-induced congenital heart defects (CHD) we have developed a rat model using dimethadione (DMO), the N-demethylated metabolite of the anticonvulsant, trimethadione (TMD). Dosing pregnant rats with 300mg/kg DMO every 12h from the evening of gestational day (GD) 8 until the morning of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.10.014
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The ligand-activated nuclear receptor AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) mediates the response of hepatocytes to various exogenous compounds. AhR is classically activated by planar, aromatic hydrocarbons, but also by other, structurally rather unrelated compounds. Recent data show that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signali...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.08.010
更新日期:2014-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected endocrine disruptor highly prevalent in our environment since it is used as monomer of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Recent epidemiological and animal studies have suggested that BPA exposure may influence the development of obesity and related pathologies such as type 2 dia...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.08.006
更新日期:2014-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic rat mutation assays can be used to assess genotoxic properties of chemicals in target organs for carcinogenicity. Mutations in transgenes are genetically neutral and accumulate during a treatment period; thus, assays are suitable for assessing the genotoxic risk of chemicals using a repeated-dose treatment ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.07.003
更新日期:2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most prevalent chemicals for daily use, has been reported as a xenoestrogen to induce reproductive toxicity, but its mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether CaM-CaMKII-ERK1/2 signaling pathway was involved in BPA-induced Sertoli cells injury via t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.001
更新日期:2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Envenoming by the pitviper Bothrops jararacussu produces cardiovascular alterations, including coagulopathy, systemic hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory shock and renal failure. In this work, we examined the activity of this venom in rat isolated right atria. Incubation with venom (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/ml) cau...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.010
更新日期:2014-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by net accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the cardiac interstitium, and contributes to both systolic and diastolic dysfunction in many cardiac pathophysiologic conditions. More specifically, cardiac fibroblasts are activated by a variety of pathological stimuli, th...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.07.002
更新日期:2014-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the role of miRNAs in DNA damage response in HepG2 cells following exposure to 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). The arylamine 4-ABP is a human carcinogen. Using the Comet assay, we showed that 4-ABP (18.75-300μM) induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells after 24h. DNA damage signaling pathway-based PCR arrays were used t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.05.003
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:National surveys of United States households and child care centers have demonstrated that pyrethroids are widely distributed in indoor habited dwellings and this suggests that co-exposure to multiple pyrethroids occurs in nonoccupational settings. The purpose of this research was to use an environmentally r...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.02.016
更新日期:2014-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::There is a close relationship between the central nervous system activity and bone metabolism. Therefore, methamphetamine (METH), which stimulates the central nervous system, is expected to affect bone turnover. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of METH in bone metabolism. Mice were divided into 3 grou...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.01.014
更新日期:2014-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Indomethacin (IMC) has been shown to reduce post-operative inflammation and to decrease intraocular irritation after cataract extraction and in cystoid macular edema; however, the clinical use of its most commonly used eye drops is limited due to topical side-effects that include burning sensation, irritation and epit...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.02.012
更新日期:2014-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Life-threatening acute lung injury potentially occurs following high-level accidental exposures to phosgene gas. This situation was mirrored in rats exposed nose-only at 900-1000 mg phosgene/m(3)min. At this exposure level, previous studies on rats demonstrated sustained reflexively induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is related to the toxicity of amyloid β (Aβ), and that the accumulation of Aβ in the lenses of humans causes lens opacification. In this study, we investigate the accumulation of Aβ1-42 in the lenses of UPL rats, which then leads to lens opacification. In add...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.003
更新日期:2014-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive component of marijuana, is known to exert cytotoxicity in immune cells. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxicity of Δ⁸-THC in mouse macrophage J774-1 cells and a possible involvement of cannabinoid receptors and stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (M...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.007
更新日期:2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread use of tributyltin (TBT) as biocides in antifouling paints and agricultural chemicals has led to environmental and marine pollution. Human exposure occurs mainly through TBT contaminated seafood and drinking water. It is a well known endocrine disruptor in mammals, but its molecular mechanism in testicu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.09.003
更新日期:2013-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported that maternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces socioemotional and cognitive disturbances in rat offspring. In the present study, the effects of maternal TCDD exposure on putative inhibitory interneurons were investigated in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.09.005
更新日期:2013-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely utilized in various consumer products and medical devices, especially due to their antimicrobial properties. However, several studies have associated these particles with toxic effects, such as inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo and cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in vitr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.09.014
更新日期:2013-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::It has been widely accepted that microglia, which are the innate immune cells in the brain, upon activation can cause neuronal damage. In the present study, we investigated the role of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in regulating microglial nitric oxide production and its role in causing neuronal damage. T...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.008
更新日期:2013-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Both catecholamine (CA) released from adrenal chromaffin cells and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of hypoxic stress response. Our previous study has demonstrated that exogenous H2S directly induced quantal CA released from adult rat adrenal chromaffin cells (ARACCs) by ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.06.014
更新日期:2013-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) is biofuel additive recently used in Japan and some other countries. Limited evidence shows that ETBE has low toxicity. Acetaldehyde (AA), however, as one primary metabolite of ETBE, is clearly genotoxic and has been considered to be a potential carcinogen. The aim of this study was t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.06.005
更新日期:2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The early neonatal stage constitutes a sensitive period during which exposure to adverse events can increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Maternal deprivation (MD) is a model of early life stress that induces long-term behavioural and physiological alterations, including susceptibility to different drugs of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.12.003
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are exogenous substances or xenoestrogens natural or synthetic, capable of interacting with different systems and altering their normal hormonal regulation, being the reproductive system one of the most affected. EDs produce their effects not only by acting on nuclear steroid receptors, but ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.014
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable evidence has demonstrated that women are more vulnerable than men to the toxic effects of alcohol, although the results as to whether gender differences exist in ethanol-induced brain damage are contradictory. We have reported that ethanol, by activating the neuroimmune system and Toll-like receptors 4 (T...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.03.001
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidation of guanine to 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) is one of the most abundant and best studied oxidative DNA lesions and is commonly used as a biomarker for oxidative stress. Over the last decades, various methods for the detection of DNA oxidation products have been established and optimized. However, so...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.006
更新日期:2013-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Direct ingestion of contaminated soil by depleted uranium (DU) might lead to internal exposure to DU by local populations through hand contamination. The purpose of this study was to assess the immunological changes of long-term exposure to various doses of DU in mice. Three-week-old Kunming mice were divided into the...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.04.013
更新日期:2013-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium fluoride (NaF) is widely used for the treatment of dental caries and dentin hypersensitivity. However, its pro-apoptotic effect on odontoblasts may lead to harmful side-effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pro-apoptotic effects of NaF in odontoblasts and elucidate the possible underlying molec...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.03.016
更新日期:2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides are compounds that can be detected in human populations as a result of occupational or residential exposure. Despite their occurrence in considerably low levels in humans, their biological effects are hazardous since they interact with a plethora of enzymes, proteins, rece...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.09.011
更新日期:2013-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::The breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) is an efflux transporter that participates in the biliary and renal excretion of drugs and environmental chemicals. Recent evidence suggests that pharmacological activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) can up-regulate the hepatic expression...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.02.009
更新日期:2013-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle for the effective treatment of cancers. The mechanism of chemo-resistance is still poorly understood, however, mounting evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating key cellular pathways mediating response to chemotherapy. microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been im...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.02.014
更新日期:2013-04-05 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:1-Bromopropane (1-BP) intoxication is associated with depression and cognitive and memory deficits. The present study tested the hypothesis that 1-BP suppresses neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, which is involved in higher cerebral function, in adult rats. METHODS:Four groups of 12 male Wistar rats were expos...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.12.009
更新日期:2013-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are generally used for treatment of various mood and anxiety disorders. Several studies have shown the anti-tumor and cytotoxic activities of some antidepressants, but the underlying mechanisms were unclear. Maprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant and possesses a highly selective norepinephrine reu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.11.013
更新日期:2013-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the effects of low-level prenatal MeHg exposure on neuronal migration in the developing rat cerebral cortex using in utero electroporation. We used offspring rats born to dams that had been exposed to saline or various doses of MeHg (0.01 mg/kg/day, 0.1 mg/kg/day, and 1 mg/kg/day) from gestational day (G...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.11.019
更新日期:2013-02-08 00:00:00